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The substituition of Ri () from Riya is also witnessed in case of Hindi. Anand means happiness or joy. They are around in states such as UP, Rajasthan, and Delhi. So here we go with the top famous and popular surnames and last names in India with meanings! He introduced an entirely new system of revenue and taxation known as zabt and dahshala respectively. Dubey or Dwivedi is a popular surname in Gujarat. [97][pageneeded] When Guru Tegh Bahadur visited Bengal in 1666, he was welcomed by the local Khatris, thereby supporting earlier waves of migration of Khatris to Bengal as well. See answer (1) Best Answer. [7], They are said to be originated from Heer Syala place. They are spread across India right now. But there is very rare information available regarding Heers and Bhullars. Khatri: The name belongs to the Kshatriya community. [2] The word "Dhir" translates to brave. Ancient Greek accounts from historians[43][44][45] that accompanied Alexander the Great to Punjab mention a tribe called the Kathaioi whose territory lay from east of the Hydraotes (Ravi) but between the Hydarpes (Jhelum) & Akesines (Chenab) and whose capital was Sagala (Sialkot). In ancient times, Gowda was the administrative head or head of a village. Another sub-group of Khatris include Khukhrain which had split up from the bunjayees. So, let us learn all about them today. Dilip Singh Ahlawat has mention Her as one of the ruling Jat clans in Central Asia. [210] Jrgen Schaflechner mentions that many Khatris and Bhatias were absorbed into Lohanas when they arrived in Sindh during the 18th century from cities in Punjab such as Multan. [136][pageneeded], Purnima Dhawan described that together with Jat community, the Khatris gained considerably from the expansion of the Mughal empire, although both groups supported Guru Hargobind in his campaign for Sikh self-government in the Punjab plains. They find their way into Central Asia. He quotes Ibbetson who states that the Punjabi Khatris who held prominent military and civil posts were traditionally different from the Aroras, Suds or Baniyas who were rural, of low status and mostly commercial. Some such as Vikram Batra and Arun Khetarpal have won India's highest wartime gallantry award, the Param Vir Chakra. In the 19th-century, British failed to agree whether their claim of Kshatriya status should be accepted. Might be because of this reason this gotra has not been traced well. [185], According to Anand Yang, the Khatris in the Saran district of Bihar, were included in the list of "Bania" along with Agarwals and Rastogis of the Vaishya Varna. Before independence they were only regional players and their rise in phenomenal proportions was a post-independence feature. They belong to the Kshatriya caste and are almost spread in several states in and around the regions. It may be probably due to fact that most of the Heer Jats from Doaba (Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Kapurthala etc) region of Punjab moved toward western countries during the early 50s and 60s. [17]. The Jat Gotra 'Heer' and 'Her' are the same. Dhillon's book 'History and Study of Jats' writes every where Her in place of Heer. India is a land of several cultures, communities, caste groups, and traditions. In short day by day higher castes are disappearing and lower castes are prospering. Khatri is a caste/clan of the Indian subcontinent that is predominantly found in India, but also in Pakistan and Afghanistan. B.6. [152], Harish Damodaran says the rise of Khatri industrialists in post-1947 India was a consequence initially of the cataclysmic Partition, which pushed them in droves towards Delhi and its neighbourhoods. He cites N. G. Barrier to show that the philosophy of the Arya Samaj founder, Dayananda Saraswati, was responsible for the aspirations of these Vaishya castes from Punjab to higher status:[188], Dayananda's claim that caste should be determined primarily by merit not birth, opened new paths of social mobility to educated Vaishyas who were trying to achieve social status commensurate with their improving economic status[188], Dasharatha Sharma described Khatris of Rajasthan as a mixed pratiloma caste of low ritual status but they could be a mixed caste born of Kshatriya fathers and Brahmin mothers. Do not sell or share my personal information. [6], The Dheers marry with Puri , Bhandari, Tuli, Khosla and other clans among Bunjahi Khatris. [162] There is a popular saying among them "Ujreya Lahore te baseya Bharmaur" meaning that when Lahore was deserted (possibly by the Muslim invasion), Bharmour was inhabited. some of the 'Heers' using it as 'Her' and spell it as 'Hayer'. [60], The last caste-based census was conducted by the British in 1931 which regarded Khatri and Arora as a different caste. [212], Gaddi is a nomadic shepherding tribe that resides in the mountainous terrains of the Himalayas. They are among the famous family name in Tollywood and South Indian industry. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. The Bhatts are a Hindu religion brahmin or priest community. The popular actor Amitabh Bachchan, and his son Abhishek Bachchan are well known in this last name. Bhangus are not from Bhangi Misl as asumed. He also notes that common mythologies found among Khatris and Lohanas. The Khatris specialised in silk, while the Padmasalis in cotton weaving. Similar caste glorifying ideas were written by the historian Puri who describes Khatris as "one of the most acute, energetic, and remarkable race [sic] in India", "pure descendants of the old Vedic Kshatriyas" and "true representatives of the Aryan nobility". The states of origin and population include Uttar Pradesh, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Uttarakhand. The Brahmin, whose task is to master and impart knowledge and administer sacrifices, have the highest rank. [1] The Dhirs of Kapurthala are descended from Baba Mahya , who was the Guru (teacher) of Guru Amards of the Sikhs , and is still revered at Dhir weddings. [31][83][84], Historically, Khatris were divided into various hierarchal endogamous sections. Hari Singh Nalwa, the commander-in-chief of the Sikh Khalsa Army, was an Uppal Khatri and responsible for most of the Sikh conquests up until the Khyber pass. The Jain surname itself means those who are from the Jain religious community. [48] Michael Witzel, writing in his paper "Sanskritization of the Kuru State" states the Kathaiois were Kaha Brahmins. Does surname Menda Belongs to schedule caste in vishakhapattanam? The Sanskrit conjunct Ksha () turns into the Prakrit Kha () as per the grammarian Vararuchi. it also belongs to the great kamma . It technically means Child Krishna. Banerjee or Bandyopadhyay is a form of Brahmins surname in the state of West Bengal. There are also Chopras widespread around Rajasthan and Haryana. Meditation upon the flame while reciting Vidhyavasini's hymns was a common practice and reverence was paid to the dead ancestors. There are 1,000 military records available for the last name Dheer. International Plant Names Index. [27], Khatris have played an active role in the Indian Armed Forces since 1947, with many heading it as the Chief of Army or Admiral of the Navy. Nahar caste belongs to one of the above 4 categories. In Assam, the Kaibarta, the Patni, the Koch-Rajbanshi, and other scheduled caste communities also use Das as their surname. Kha occurs predominantly in Asia, where 98 percent of Kha reside; 90 percent reside in South Asia and 75 percent reside in Indo-South Asia. Khatri-Arora marriages are not unknown nowadays. [24], In Firozpur district the Her population is 1,950. [196], All the ten Sikh Gurus were from various Khatri clans:[198] The early followers of Guru Nanak were Khatris but later a large number of Jats joined the faith. Hari is even commonly used for God. Similar social mobility efforts were followed by other Hindus in Punjab[178] McLane also describes them as a "mercantile caste who claimed to be Kshatriyas". Jha is a segment within the Brahmin community in the state of Gujarat, Maharashtra, and other regions. At least one member from each family of this village is residing in abroad. "[39] According to philologist Ralph Lilley Turner, the Punjabi word "khattr", meaning "warrior", derives from Sanskrit "katriya", whereas the Gujarati word "khtr", meaning "a caste of Hindu weavers", derives from Sanskrit "kattr", meaning "carver, distributor". This family, too, is related to the Rajasthan, Punjab, and Peshawar Pakistan regions, and the popular actors include Anil Kapoor, Boney Kapoor, Arjun, Sonam, Jahnvi, and Khushi Kapoor. They are used by various caste groups, such as Brahmins, Kammas, and Velamas in the south Indian state. See More: Best Indian Celebrity Baby Names. Chabra is both a Hindu and Sikh surname and belongs to the Aroras too. The Kapoor family from Prithviraj Kapoor is among the oldest family in the Bollywood film industry. Hint: Try searching for a relative alive in 1940. Bhai Bula, a Dhir Khatri was a dedicated Sikh of the time of Guru Arjan Sahib. "[64], The Khatris took on a prominent role in the emerging Sikh milieu of post-Mughal Punjab. [54], Historian Stephen Dale states that most of the 10,000 (as estimated by Jean Chardin) Indian merchants and money-lenders in Isfahan (Iran) in 1670, belonged to the Khatri caste of Punjab and north-west India. [155][154], Punjabi Khatris and others, together with the traditionally "urban and professional" castes, formed a part of the elite middle class immediately after independence in 1947. What do you think? Khatris claimed to live near the Bombay island from at least the mid-1800s and would speak Marathi. These surnames include Subramanian, Pandian, and so on. [147][148], In the early 19th century, the Khatris, Bhatias and Lohanas were the main trading castes in Rajasthan, Delhi, Agra, Sind and Punjab. Hebbar is a popular surname in Karnataka state too. 2004. They as well as the Muslim and Kunbi weavers purchased imported yarn in the 1840s. Although Jones also classifies Khatris as one of the Vaishya caste of Punjabi Hindus, he shows that their social status was higher than the Arora, Suds and Baniyas in the 19th century Punjab. A Punjabi organisation had approached the Haryana government with a demand to ban both words and to enact a law on the lines of the SC/ST Act with similar penalties. They are primarily from the coastal Karnataka area and belong to both Vaishya and Kshatriya communities. Malik calls this as Sanskritization.[191]. Although in the nearby district such as Jalandhar etc. This is among popular Royal surnames in India. Heron Kalan, Hirewala are villages in Mansa tahsil in Mansa district in Punjab. Ram Swarup Joon[10] writes.The Bhullar gotra is found among the followers of all the three religions. [1][62] Highest percentage concentration of Khatris (excluding Aroras) were in Potohar regions of Jhelum and Rawalpindi[61] In NWFP, the Khatris were found mainly in Peshawer and Hazara. Parashara (or Parashar) was the grandson of Vashista . [197] Sects of Arya Samaj, Nirankari and Radhasoami are also followed. This includes urhai/dhai ghar, char ghar, barah ghar/bahri and bunjayee or bavanjah ghar which translated to House of 2.5, 4, 12 and 52 respectively. Basu is another popular Surname in Bengal. [3] Khulasat-ut-Tawarikh, a persian language book about history of India and Mughal Empire was written by Sujan Rai, a Dhir Khatri of Batala in Gurdaspur. Several castes have the same surname. [55], According to Bichitra Natak, traditionally said to be the autobiography of the last Sikh Guru, Gobind Singh, but possibly not so,[56] the Bedi sub-caste of the Khatris derives its lineage from Kush, the son of Rama (according to Hindu epic Ramayana). In Mandvi, the silk products were highly valued and the Khatri dyers would work in the pits on the bank of the river Rukmavati because the water was supposed to have special properties to give steadfast colours. [195][196] They are both vegetarian and non-vegetarian depending on their affiliations with the sects of Vaishnavism and Shaktism respectively. There were Aryas, mainly during the Kings rule, who are well-educated communities. They are family names that came down from the royal ancient times when the family person is appointed as Diwan, the highest official of the region. Subsequently, all the Sikh religious leaders or Gurus were Khatris. [176] Mark Juergensmyer suggests that many Khatris claim their caste is the warrior caste, as the name and etymology itself suggest but that some scholars dispute these claims and regard Khatris as merchant castes who claim higher status as befit of their economic success and educational achievements. Bhangu is also a very ancient Jat Gotra. The Hers are considered to be the original Jats. However, Kumar is a widespread surname in South India, not by a particular community or castes. Rao is present in the states of Goa, Andhra Pradesh, and Orissa too. Jats of Heer Gotra are residing in many Villages of Hoshiarpur, such as:- Purheeran, Dadyal, Moranwali, Singhpur, Haripur, Adampur, Shergarh, Heerapur, Bajwara, Mehatpur, Mahilpur, Halluwal etc. During the event, gifts are showered to the pregnant mother from family and friends among other traditions. Kaur is a prevalent Punjabi surname; they are in dominant in the state. Telaga/Kapu Community also has the title Reddy in their Surnames in Coastal Andhra Region.Some Kapu/Telaga Surnames end with the title Neni which is . The surname is found among the members of the Baidya caste. [31], During 1947, Punjabis who migrated to Haryana during Partition were mostly Khatris or Aroras. So because of western pronunciation, new generation of 'Heers' start using it as 'Her'. They used to be in the administrative works during Kings rule back then. Wife-givers and wife-takers and the bartan of the samskara among the Khatris of Mandi, Himachal Pradesh", "The Political Economy of Textiles in Western India: Weavers, Merchants and the transition to a Colonial Economy", "The culture and politics of Persian in pre-colonial Hindustan", "e-Book: English - General Hari Singh Nalwa by Autar Singh Sindhu; Pure", "Arrian, Anabasis, book 6, chapter 15, section 1", "Early Sanskritization Origins and Development of the Kuru State", "Census of India, 1931, Vol. It is also the 74,922 nd most numerous forename in the world It is held by . Some adopted the surnames of their villages such as Gill and Rai, originally Jatt surnames, or close derivatives such as Shergill and Kalirai . [57][bettersourceneeded], In Guru Granth Sahib, the primary scripture of Sikhism, Khatri is mentioned as one among the four varnas. [15], Emperor Jahangir in his autobiography Jahangirnama while talking about the castes, he observed "The second highest caste (after Brahmins in the caste system) is the Chhatri which is also known as Khattri. Chardin specifically stereotyped and expressed disapproval of the money-lending techniques of the Khatri community. "[51] Levi writes: "Stephen Dale locates Khatris in Astrakhan, Russia during the late 17th century and, in the 1830s, Elphinstone, was informed that Khatris were still highly involved in northwest India's trade and that they maintained communities throughout Afghanistan and as far away as Astrakhan"". But when it comes to Heer, it is not so easy to identify it as a Gotra when used as Heer, Hari or Har. [2] They originate in Punjab and Sindh region. I am son of a Chhatri (Khatri), not of a Brahmin and I will live according to my Dharma. Varma is a prevalent North Indian surname. Krishna is the name directly used by Lord Krishna and is commonly used as the last name for several South Indian names. [2] The word "Dhir" translates to brave. [7], As per a legend, a man of the Dhir clan had fought with thieves even after losing his head, seeing his valor a Sidhu Jatt woman kept watching the scene. Hence, they are popular in Bengal. Mukherjee means chief, principal or teacher. "Inducted into hall of fame," National Post, January 6, 2001, pg. Deshmukh is a native title that is given to the particular community desamukhi. According to 1911 census, the Heer were one of the principal Muslim Jat clans with Population in Sialkot District (73), Lahore District (376), Amritsar District (74), Gujrat District (1,451), Shahpur (Sargodha District) District (553), Mianwali District (1,034), Jhang District (584). 31, No. The prominent population is around Delhi, UP, and Haryana. There is need to further research in this matter. However, this profession often created conflicts with the Brahmin scribes who discontinued the use of Persian and started using Marathi in the Deccan. Joshi technically means Astrologer. [46] Ptolemy writing in the 2nd century AD refers again to another tribe called the Khatriaoi to whom belong cities lying east & west of the Indus. The History and distribution of Heer Gotra was provided by Gurpreet Singh Heer via email. Nambudiri or Namboothiri is a dominant surname in the State of Kerala, belonging to Brahmin and higher caste profile. [105] This legend is probably fanciful: McLane notes that a more likely explanation for their revised position was that a Sikh rebellion against the Mughals in the early 1700s severely compromised the Khatri's ability to trade and forced them to take sides. This answer is: Study guides. [22][23] Some of them served in the British Indian army after being raised as Sikhs. 344-362, The University of Chicago Press/ quote: "Although Bachitar Natak is traditionally attributed to Guru Gobind Singh, there is a strong case to be made for regarding it as the work of one of his followers", The Cosmic Drama: Bichitra Natak, Author Gobind Singh, Publisher Himalayan International Institute of Yoga Science and Philosophy of the U.S.A., 1989, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Blame caste for Pakistan's violent streak, not faith", "No reciprocation? [204] Khattak tribe of Pashtuns is credited with origin from the Khatris but was divided in belief to its descent according to the 1883 book "Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West Frontier Province".[205]. [186] Hardip Singh Syan says Khatris considered themselves to be of pure Vedic descent and thus superior to the Rajputs, who like them claim the Kshatriya status of the Hindu varna system. Now a days most of the 'Heer-Bhangus' do not use their complete surmane as 'Heer-Bhangu'. The Muslims, who learned the technique of weaving from them, soon came to be known as Chira-i-Baaf or 'fine cloth weavers'. In Punjab, the Kshatriya castes who were ritually higher than the Aroras and Khatris had been disempowered and thus the Brahmins who had lost their patrons had to turn to these non-Kshatriya castes. So technically, this wasnt a family name for very long, and it started becoming a family name in South Indians very recently. Traditionally, they were predominantly distributed in the districts of Durg, Raipur, Bastar, Nagpur and Bhandara . [95][96], In Bengal, Burdwan Raj (16571955) was a Khatri dynasty, which gained a high social position for Khatris in the region resulting in greater migration of Khatris from North to Bengal. [203] In Nicola Mooney's opinion, Jat Sikhs consider Arora Sikhs as "Hindu Punjabis" which reserves Sikhism for the Jats alone, denying even the fully baptised Arora as Sikhs. Arrian in the Anabasis (VI.15) mentions the Khathrois of Punjab ( - Khathrois), whose territory lay between the Indus & Chenab. According to Dale, this racist criticism was ironic given Chardin's non-English background but adds that it was Chardin's way of giving an "ethnic explanation" to the economic disparity between Iran and India at that time. They are popularly present around Punjab, MP, UP, and Delhi. Dheer (also spelled as Dhir) is a surname found among the Brahmins and Khatris of Punjab. Another famous Kapoor family of Bollywood is from Surinder Kapoor. Many last names in India indicate the place the person originally belongs to. This exodus opened new opportunities for them. Might be then after they start using their gotra as 'Her' from 'Heer'. The groom is supposed to slice the thick branch or stem of a Jandi Tree (Prosopis cineraria) in one blow using a sword. However, their origin is unknown clearly. They associate themselves with the Ahri Clan. Origins: The Surname(also spelled as-Prashar,Parasar,Prasar,Para sara) traces its origins back to Vedic India(2000-1000 BCE) and today used by high caste Hindu Brahmins who claim ancestry from the famous ancient hindu vedic scholar-Rishi Parashara. Many Indian surnames are related to the caste system. [107], Suraiya Faroqhi, writes that, in 1742 Gujarat, the Khatris had protested the immigration of Muslim weavers by refusing to deliver cloth to the East India Company. There is one Village named as 'Hir' in Iran too. In the genealogical tables they are supposed to belong to the Yadu dynasty and Ahai was the grandson of Yadu. It is among popular Indian surnames starting with k. Lal is mostly around Delhi, UP, and Bihar states. This licence was later revoked in 1800 due to pressure from the British, after a deal was struck between the Khatris and the East India Company, in which the Khatris would weave only for the EIC until certain quotas were met. It is a popular Muslim surname in western India. They are also business communities from Gujarat. Lvl 2. [194] They worship Hinglaj Mata, Chandi Mata, Shiva, Hanuman and Vishnu's avatars. Bayly further describes the Khatris as a "caste title of north Indians with military and scribal traditions". [187], Historian Kenneth W. Jones states that the Khatris of Punjab had some justification in claiming Kshatriya status from the British government. Reddy is a popular caste group in the South Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Godrej is a Parsi-speaking community surname. Ghosh in several Eastern states belongs to the caste groups of Milkmen. Outside Kashmir, it is used by members of the Kashmiri diaspora, in places like Punjab, Bengal, Gujarat, and Maharashtra, and more commonly in . They were the dominant commercial and financial administration class of Late-Medieval India, some in Punjab often belonged to hereditary agriculturalist land-holding . Chowdhury is a caste group in Andhra Pradesh and belongs to the dominant community in the state. The last name is the 2,000 th most numerous family name world-wide, borne by approximately 1 in 26,657 people. For example Aulakh is used as Olak or Olakh, Bains is used as Vains or Vais, Virk is used as Birk or Birka, Takhar is used as Tukhrak etc. Stylesatlife.com is your ultimate lifestyle destination and personal guide invites you to take a tour of exclusive information on Beauty, Health, Fashion, Relationships, Celebrities, Travel, Food, Parenting and more. All castes sub castes are primarily divided into 4 categories: 1.Brahmins - The learned or priestly class Most commonly observed among Punjabis, Khatris also are Jaat's. Vaddera (alternatively Vadde, Waddera, Vadar) is a caste in Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra and some other states in India.. Akkineni is another popular surname in South India, especially in the Tollywood movie industry. [12][175][176][177][178][179] According to some historians, even though they participated in mercantile or other occupationally diverse professions such as Agriculture, they were originally Kshatriyas. Nadar is dominant in Tamil Nadu. Several from the particular caste use the surname. De: De or Dey is a surname commonly used by the Bengali community. Similarly, according to the same legend, the Sodhi sub-caste claims descent from Lav, the other son of Rama. [83][158], Khatris of Kashmir, also known as "Bohras" were traders and had the second largest Hindu population after the Pandits. They belong to mercantile and business class communities. Since then, they have produced leading entities in fields of pharmaceuticals, two-wheelers, tractors, paper, tyre-making and hotels with the groups of Ranbaxy, Hero, Mahindra, Ballarpur Industries, Apollo Tyres and Oberoi respectively. Raikot). [154] They have also co-founded companies like Snapdeal, Hotmail, YesBank, IndiaToday, AajTak, IndiGo Airlines, Sun Microsystems, Max Group etc. It is a south Indian surname caste group from families who used to be tax collectors and lords of the land during ancient rule. Hari and Har might have number of meanings. Singh, Gulcharan (October 1976), "General Hari Singh Nalwa", The Sikh Struggle in the Eighteenth Century and Its Relevance for Today, W. H. McLeod, History of Religions, Vol. According to him, Khatris are neither Vaishyas nor Kshatriyas but are "par excellence traders". Gupta means protector of Governor. They will always pronounce it as 'Her'. [143], In Gujarat, during the colonial rule, Khatris contributed greatly to the weaving industry there. Slowly castes are getting invisible to be identified by surnames. Hir () is a Muhammadan Jat clan found in Montgomery (doubtless Her). Satjit had three sons Bibai (Biveya), Hai (Heya), whose descendants are Jats of Heer gotra and Ahai (Aheya); who founded the Ahir community. Gujarat, besides the other states such as Chhattisgarh, Haryana also has the surname Modi. Historically, surnames evolved as a way to sort people into groups - by occupation, place of origin, clan affiliation, patronage, parentage, adoption, and even physical characteristics (like red hair). These Kapoors belong to the Punjabi region. Shetty is from the state of Karnataka. McLane opines that the confusion was caused since Khatris pursued mercantile occupations and not military ones. While some historians agree with the claim of Khatris to be of Kshatriya varna,[166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174] many others don't. The Allu and Mega Konidela families belong to the Tollywood movie industry. Dheer Name Meaning. Grovers are from Hindu and Sikh communities. They are the Marwaris community, native to Rajasthan state. I have seen surnames like Vaidya in many castes which is surprising. [61] The Khatris spoke Hindko and Potohari language. [150], According to Prakash Tandon, during Khatri weddings, a ritual is carried out to test the Khatri groom's strength. They are related to Heir gotra. The popular actors covering this family after Prithviraj Kapoor include Raj Kapoor, Rishi, Randhir, Rajiv Kapoor, Kareena, Karishma, and Ranbir Kapoor. Hence, Khatris of Afghanistan are in no way of "Indian origin" but are components of the original population of the region. [163][164] Khatris in modern Maharashtra are divided into endogamous subgroups, such as the Brahmo Khatris and Kapur Khatris. Raut (also spelled as Rawat) is an Indian caste, who are traditional Kshatriya. They belong to the Kalal community, whose caste occupation is brewing liquor. It is also the 8,138 th most frequently used first name throughout the world, held by 127,879 . Occupation can tell you about your ancestor's social and economic status. Mittal is a popular Baniya Hindu surname belonging to north Indian states such as Punjab, Rajasthan, and nearby regions. Ganguly surname, otherwise called Gonguly or Gangopadhyay, are considered descendants of the Brahmin community.